Monsoon Climatic Type and Tropical Deciduous Forest Biome
CLIMATE : Monsoon Climate type
BIOME : Tropical Deciduous forest Biome
It is generally found along the eastern margins of subtropical regions
Average annual range of temperature is between 32-40 degree Celsius with mean annual average temperature is 27 degree Celsius.
Typically characterized by two phenomena
Seasonal reversal of winds
Fixed period of rainfall
They are a degraded form of tropical rainforest with two canopies of trees.
The forests are more open resulting in penetration of sunrise paving way for growth of grasses and shrubs.
Average annual precipitation is between 100cm and 200cm.
The coastal areas receive more precipitation while the interior areas are generally dry.
The heavy rainfall in the region lead to excessive leaching away of the topsoil, resulting in formation of Latosols.
Climatic conditions of the region are highly influenced by the shifting of wind belts.
Vegetation is tropical hardwood trees like Teak, Sal, sandalwood, Sheesham, Mahua, etc
A variety of eucalyptus trees are found along the monsoon forest of Australia.
Adaptation - Flora and Fauna
The adaptation so similar to that of tropical rainforest as the flora species have deciduous characteristics
During dry seasons, the leaves fall and forest fires occur so that almost 50% would become clear and is invaded by grasses and other types of trees.
Dogs, wolves , bears, fox etc also found along with lower order animals like reptiles and amphibians insects are also prevalent in the region.
Large grazing mammals like elephants, rhinos, buffaloes and various antelopes and their associated carnivores like lion, tiger, leopard etc.. are found.
Human Ecological adaptation
In the traditional world, people follow shifting agriculture resulting in clearing felling of trees and forest fires.
Today the monsoon forests are getting converted to Savanna grasslands because of logging and frequent forest fires.
Modern man is involved in commercial extensive grain farming, mixed farming, Commercial aquaculture.
Other activities includes Marine Fishing industry along the fishing grounds, Softwood lumbering
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